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There are some reports describing a development of pneumothorax in aviation. This causes an increase intrathoracic pressure which at some point will cause structural damage – pneumothorax. Lung barotrauma occurs during a decrease in pressure, when the expanding gas from the lungs cannot be ventilated sufficiently. During pressure changes within the atmosphere, typical barotraumas occur in the middle ear cavity, sinuses, and sparingly in the gastrointestinal tract, but lung barotraumas are very rare, as will be discussed.

They may be common while diving or in aviation. Barotraumas are dependent on several factors such as the magnitude of the pressure change, the rate of change, and others. Humans exposed to pressure changes may suffer from barotraumas – tissue damage in gas-filled cavities inside the body. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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